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Insulin resistance and adipokines serum levels in a caucasian cohort of hiv-positive patients undergoing antiretroviral therapy: a cross sectional study
Arama Victoria,Tiliscan Catalin,Streinu-Cercel Adrian,Ion Daniela
BMC Endocrine Disorders , 2013, DOI: 10.1186/1472-6823-13-4
Abstract: Background Insulin resistance is frequent in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and may be related to antiretroviral therapy. Cytokines secreted by adipose tissue (adipokines) are linked to insulin sensitivity. The present study is aimed to assess the prevalence of insulin resistance (IR) and its association with several adipokines, in a non-diabetic Romanian cohort of men and women with HIV-1 infection, undergoing combination antiretroviral therapy (cART). Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted in an unselected sample of 89 HIV-1-positive, non-diabetic patients undergoing stable cART for at least 6 months. Metabolic parameters were measured, including fasting plasma insulin, and circulating adiponectin, leptin, resistin, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels. Insulin resistance was estimated by measuring the Quantitative Insulin Sensitivity Check Index (QUICKI), using a cut-off value of 0.33. A linear regression model was fitted to QUICKI to test the association of IR and adipokines levels. Results A total of 89 patients (aged 18–65, median: 28 years) including 51 men (57.3%) and 38 women (42.7%) were included in the study. Fifty nine patients (66.3%) were diagnosed with IR based on QUICKI values lower than the cut-off point. IR prevalence was 72.5% in men and 57.6% in women. The presence of the IR was not influenced by either the time of the HIV diagnosis or by the duration of cART. Decreased adiponectin and increased serum triglycerides were associated with increased IR in men (R=0.43, p=0.007). Hyperleptinemia in women was demonstrated to be associated with the presence of IR (R=0.33, p=0.03). Conclusions Given the significant prevalence of the IR in our young non-diabetic cohort with HIV infection undergoing antiretroviral therapy reported in our study and the consecutive risk of diabetes and cardiovascular events, we suggest that the IR management should be a central component of HIV-infection therapeutic strategy. As adipokines play major roles in regulating glucose homeostasis with levels varying according to the sex, we suggest that further studies investigating adipokines should base their analyses on gender differences.
Safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetics of AL-335 in healthy volunteers and hepatitis C virus-infected subjects
Adrian Streinu-Cercel,Alain Patat,Béatrice Astruc,Christopher Westland,Elina Berliba,Jennifer Vuong,John Fry,Lawrence M. Blatt,Leen Vijgen,Leonid Beigelman,Matthew W. McClure,Nick Khorlin,Qingling Zhang,Sushmita Chanda,Tengiz Tsertsvadze,Thomas N. Kakuda
- , 2018, DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0204974
Abstract:
Computational models that predict response to HIV therapy can reduce virological failure and therapy costs in resource-limited settings
A Revell,D Wang,G Alvarez-Uria,A Streinu-Cercel
Journal of the International AIDS Society , 2012, DOI: 10.7448/ias.15.6.18114
Abstract: The results of genotypic HIV drug-resistance testing are, typically, 60–65% predictive of response to combination antiretroviral therapy (ART) and have proven valuable for guiding treatment changes. However, genotyping is not available in many resource-limited settings (RLS). The purpose of this study was to develop computational models that can predict response to ART without a genotype and evaluate their potential as a treatment support tool in RLS. Random forest models were trained to predict the probability of response to ART (<400 copies HIV RNA/ml) using the following data from 14,891 cases of ART change following virological failure in well-resourced countries: viral load and CD4 count prior to treatment change, treatment history, drugs in the new regimen, time to follow-up and follow-up viral load. The models were assessed during cross-validation, with an independent set of 800 cases, with 231 cases from RLS in Southern Africa, 206 from India and 375 from Romania. The area under the ROC curve (AUC) was the main outcome measure of the accuracy of the model's predictions. The models were used to identify alternative regimens for those cases where the salvage regimen initiated in the clinic failed. Finally, annual therapy costs were used to determine the potential cost effectiveness of this strategy for the Indian cases. The models achieved an AUC of 0.74–0.81 during cross validation and 0.76–0.77 with the 800 test TCEs. They achieved an AUC of 0.59–0.65 with cases from Southern Africa, 0.64 for India and 0.73 for Romania. The models identified alternative, locally available drug regimens that were predicted to result in virological response for 97% of cases where the salvage regimen failed in Southern Africa, 98% of those in Romania and 100% in India. Cost-neutral or cost-saving regimens that were predicted to be effective were identified for 88% of the Indian salvage failures with a mean saving of $638 per year. We developed computational models that predict virological response to ART without a genotype with comparable accuracy to genotyping with rules-based interpretation. The models were able to identify alternative regimens that were predicted to be effective for the great majority of cases where the new regimen prescribed in the clinic failed. The models were also able to identify cost-saving alternatives for most cases of failure in India. These models are now freely available over the internet as part of the HIV Treatment Response Predictions System (HIV-TRePS), which has the potential to help optimise antiretroviral therapy in countries w
CORRELATION BETWEEN THE WAIST CIRCUMFERENCE, DIASTOLIC BLOOD PRESSURE AND INSULIN RESISTANCE IN NON-OBESE YOUNG ADULTS
A. Streinu-Cercel,D. Pi？igoi,M. Ni？escu,M. O？elea,M. Tusaliu
- , 2016, DOI: 10.4183/aeb.2016.493
Abstract: The metabolic syndrome is a profound, systemic impairment of the metabolism of lipids, carbohydrates and branched amino-acids, affecting specially obese people. Recently, many studies outlined the presence of the metabolic syndrome, also in non obese persons
HYPOVITAMINOSIS D IN HIV-INFECTED PATIENTS
A. Streinu Cercel,Anca Streinu Cercel,C. Capatina,C. Poiana,O. Sandulescu
- , 2019, DOI: 10.4183/aeb.2019.102
Abstract: Vitamin D (VD) deficiency is highly prevalent worldwide
Subjektiv und intersubjektiv in der hermeneutischen übersetzungstheorie
Larisa Cercel
Meta : Research in Hermeneutics, Phenomenology and Practical Philosophy , 2010,
Abstract: Much criticism regarding the theory of hermeneutics in translation focuses on the acceptance of subjectivity in translation. One of the objections brought into discussion is the difficulty of hermeneutics in objectifying and formalizing the translator’s subjectivity, which in turn leads to the more radical question of the scientific status of hermeneutics itself. Surprisingly enough, critics often forget that a central aspect of the hermeneutical theory of translation,both in the past and at present, is the endeavour to find an acceptable scientific and intersubjective ground for interpretation. The aim of this article is to show how the hermeneutical theory of translation illustrates the play between subjective and intersubjective, subjective and objective dimensions. The contributions of F. Schleiermacher, R. Stolze and B. Stefanink to this topic will also be discussed.
Les enjeux de la traduction. L’ uvre de Marcel Proust
Florina Cercel
DOCT-US , 2009,
Abstract: The translation proves itself a matter of an extreme difficulty when it comes about of a work as that of the great novelist of the XXth century, Marcel Proust. His style, with long phrases, a rhythm compared with the author’s breath and the words that he uses, puts the translator in a difficult situation of choice. Our article proposes to analyze a few problems of translation and the solutions adopted by the three translators who dared to bend over this novel: Irina Mavrodin, the great Rumanian translator who succeeded in rendering us the entire novel of Marcel Proust in a work that took her 15 years, Vladimir Streinu and Radu Cioculescu whose translation was continued by his wife, Eugenia Cioculescu. We also propose ourselves to make a comparative analysis of the three Rumanian versions.
Natural realizations of sparsity matroids
Ileana Streinu,Louis Theran
Mathematics , 2007,
Abstract: A hypergraph G with n vertices and m hyperedges with d endpoints each is (k,l)-sparse if for all sub-hypergraphs G' on n' vertices and m' edges, m'\le kn'-l. For integers k and l satisfying 0\le l\le dk-1, this is known to be a linearly representable matroidal family. Motivated by problems in rigidity theory, we give a new linear representation theorem for the (k,l)-sparse hypergraphs that is natural; i.e., the representing matrix captures the vertex-edge incidence structure of the underlying hypergraph G.
Slider-pinning Rigidity: a Maxwell-Laman-type Theorem
Ileana Streinu,Louis Theran
Mathematics , 2007,
Abstract: We define and study slider-pinning rigidity, giving a complete combinatorial characterization. This is done via direction-slider networks, which are a generalization of Whiteley's direction networks.
On the Number of Embeddings of Minimally Rigid Graphs
Ciprian Borcea,Ileana Streinu
Mathematics , 2002,
Abstract: Rigid frameworks in some Euclidian space are embedded graphs having a unique local realization (up to Euclidian motions) for the given edge lengths, although globally they may have several. We study the number of distinct planar embeddings of minimally rigid graphs with $n$ vertices. We show that, modulo planar rigid motions, this number is at most ${{2n-4}\choose {n-2}} \approx 4^n$. We also exhibit several families which realize lower bounds of the order of $2^n$, $2.21^n$ and $2.88^n$. For the upper bound we use techniques from complex algebraic geometry, based on the (projective) Cayley-Menger variety $CM^{2,n}(C)\subset P_{{{n}\choose {2}}-1}(C)$ over the complex numbers $C$. In this context, point configurations are represented by coordinates given by squared distances between all pairs of points. Sectioning the variety with $2n-4$ hyperplanes yields at most $deg(CM^{2,n})$ zero-dimensional components, and one finds this degree to be $D^{2,n}={1/2}{{2n-4}\choose {n-2}}$. The lower bounds are related to inductive constructions of minimally rigid graphs via Henneberg sequences. The same approach works in higher dimensions. In particular we show that it leads to an upper bound of $2 D^{3,n}= {\frac{2^{n-3}}{n-2}}{{n-6}\choose{n-3}}$ for the number of spatial embeddings with generic edge lengths of the 1-skeleton of a simplicial polyhedron, up to rigid motions.
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